Architecture is the art and the process of constructing, designing, and building buildings or other permanent structures. Architectural projects, in the conventional material form such as buildings, are usually seen as cultural icons and as manifestations of artistic and architectural creativity. However, the discipline of architecture has also developed over the years to become a profession and even a livelihood for many professionals all over the world. The discipline of architecture is normally divided into three main fields: Planning, design, and construction.
Planning refers to the process of designing the physical layout of an area including the position and size of the buildings and other permanent structures. Designing on the other hand, pertains to the process of choosing the appropriate materials, models, colors, and other aesthetic elements that will be used in the architectural projects. Construction on the other hand is the actual construction of the buildings and other permanent structures and is usually done by qualified architects and engineers. Although architecture is usually associated with the making of artistic and other visual works, the discipline actually deals with the practical application of knowledge and skills applied in the field of architecture.
There are a wide variety of fields in which architects can specialize. These fields include tourism, housing and hospitality, industrial, municipal, and office architecture. Specialization in any one of these fields would allow an individual to concentrate and focus on a specific area of architectural study. As part of their job duties, architects are charged with the responsibility of planning the physical layout of a built environment and determining the best means of using space effectively; as well as the layout and design of the built environment to ensure that its effectiveness is maximized.